基于江苏省徐州市沛县150份农户调研数据，运用模糊集定性比较分析（fs QCA）方法，探究功能认知和政策环境对农户宅基地退出意愿的协同影响，挖掘影响农户宅基地退出意愿的组态路径。研究发现：单个独立因素并不能形成高与非高水平的农户宅基地退出意愿；导致农户宅基地退出高意愿的路径可以被概括为“功能认知驱动型”“政策环境驱动型”和“认知-环境联合驱动型”3种组态路径；农户宅基地退出高与非高意愿路径存在非对称关系；农户高功能认知水平并非抑制其宅基地退出意愿，当政策环境不理想且农户功能认知水平较低时会导致非高农户宅基地退出意愿。研究建议，从尊重农户期望权益诉求、加大政策调控力度与提高补偿标准、拓宽农户参与渠道等方面健全和完善农村宅基地退出模式，助力构建农村宅基地退出新机制。

Based on the survey data of 150 farmers in Peixian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, this paper uses the fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs QCA) method to explore the synergistic effects of functional cognition and policy environment on farmers' willingness to seceding their homesteads, and explores the configuration paths that affect the differentiation of farmers’ willingness to seceding their homesteads. Research has found that: a single independent factor cannot form a high or non-high level of farmers’ willingness to seceding their homesteads; the path that leads to farmers’ high willingness to seceding their homesteads can be summarized as three configuration paths: “functional cognitive driven”, “policy environmental driven”, and “cognitive environmental joint driven”; there is an asymmetric relationship between the high and non-high willingness paths for farmers to exit their homesteads; the high level of functional cognition of farmers does not suppress their willingness to seceding their homesteads. When the policy environment is not ideal and the level of functional cognition of farmers is low, it will lead to the willingness of non-high farmers to withdraw from their homesteads. Research suggests improving and perfecting the exit mode of rural homesteads by respecting the expectations and demands of farmers, increasing policy regulation and compensation standards, and expanding channels for farmers' participation, in order to help build a new mechanism for rural homestead seceding.

F321.1

国家社会科学基金面上项目（22XJY039）；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（KYCX23_2626）