助学是实现“不让一个学生因家庭经济困难而失学”的兜底性工程。我国助学经历了人民助学金阶段、奖助并存阶段、“奖、贷、助”阶段和“奖、贷、助、勤、补、减、免”阶段的体系演变过程。其演变规律是以不断精准满足受助学生实现可持续发展需求的过程。助学工作推进精准化的具体实践中，政策实施、助学理念、助学体系、立法保障等方面还存在现实困境，可以从丰富多元资助主体、提升助学治理效能、加速助学立法等维度实现突破。

Student aid is the last line of defense project to realize "not allowing a student drop out of school because of family financial difficulties". Student aid in China has experienced the evolution of the system of the People's Grants, the co-existence of Grants and Scholarship, the stage of “Scholarship, Loans, and Grants” and the stage of “Scholarship, Loans, Grants, Work-study, Supplement, Reduction, and Exemption”. Its evolution law is a process of continuously and accurately meeting the needs of the student aid to achieve sustainable development. However, in the specific practice of promoting the precision of student aid, there are still realistic dilemmas in the implementation of policies, the concept of student aid, the system of student aid, and the guarantee of legislation. Therefore, it is proposed that we should enrich the funding subjects, improve the governance effectiveness and quicken legislation to break through the realistic dilemmas.

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