在“斯密-杨格”定理基础上，通过纵向、横向、分工网络的分工演进解释，分析了规模经营和分工深化对农业生产率的作用机理，并基于江西省水稻种植的数据，运用IV-Tobit模型实证分析了规模经营、分工深化对农业生产率的影响，结果表明：规模经营对农业生产率具有显著的倒U型影响；分工深化对农业生产率具有显著的正向影响，其中横向分工的作用最大，其次是产业融合，最后是纵向分工；分工深化在规模经营与农业生产率之间具有调节作用，即规模经营通过分工深化正向显著影响农业生产率。

On the basis of Smith-Young Theorem, the mechanism of the scale management and the deepening of labor division on the agricultural productivity has been analyzed through the evolution explanation of the horizontal, vertical and network division of labor. Based on the data of rice planting in Jiangxi province, the influence of the scale management and the deepening of labor division on the agricultural productivity has been studied by using IV-Tobit model. The research has showed that there is a significant inverted U-shaped effect of scale management on agricultural productivity and a positive effect of the deepening of labor division on agricultural productivity. Horizontal division of labor has the greatest impact, followed by industrial integration, and finally vertical division of labor. The deepening of labor division regulates the scale management and the agricultural productivity, which means the scale management has a significantly positive impact on agricultural productivity through deepening of labor division.

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