农户宅基地退出方式选择受到多尺度因素的综合影响。基于河南部分地区的农户及其村级变量的调研数据，采用交叉列联表和广义分层线性模型，对农户宅基地退出方式选择的影响因素进行实证分析。研究发现，农户个体及其村级特征影响其宅基地退出方式；农民的教育程度、主要职业及家庭年总收入对农户宅基地退出方式选择具有显著正向作用，年龄具有负向作用；村级特征中，村到最近城镇距离显著弱化教育程度对农户宅基地退出方式选择的正向影响。需完善农民教育培训、提高置换补偿标准等相关政策及保障体系，促进具有进城意愿和条件的农户完全退出宅基地，提高不完全退出宅基地农户的生活保障水平。

The choice of exit methods of farmers’ homestead is affected by multi-scale factors. Based on the investigation of farmers and their village variables in some areas of Henan province, this paper uses the cross contingency table and the generalized hierarchical linear model to analyze the influencing factors of the choice of exit methods for farmers' homestead. Results show that the characteristics of farmers and the village they living in affect the homestead exit methods; the education level and main occupation of farmer and the total annual income of rural households have significant positive effect on the choice of exit methods, while farmer’s age has negative effect; the distance from the village to the nearest town significantly weakens the positive influence of the education level on the choice of farmers’ homestead exit methods. It is necessary to improve the education and training of farmers, improve replacement compensation standards and other related policies and security system so as to encourage farmers having willingness and qualification to enter the city to completely exit from homestead, and improve the living security level of farmers who do not completely exit from the homestead.

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