基于2003—2019年中国农业省级面板数据，采用非参数HMB生产率指数测度了2005/2004—2018/2017年农业全要素生产率变动并分析了其主要驱动力及区域差异，利用经典收敛回归模型对农业全要素生产率的收敛性进行检验并揭示条件收敛的影响因素。研究表明：规模效率是农业全要素生产率的主要推动力量，技术效率对农业全要素生产率贡献甚微，农业技术进步率和混合效率是农业全要素生产率的短板；农业全要素生产率存在显著地区差异；市场化指数、人口城镇化有利于农业全要素生产率的收敛，有效灌溉有利于技术进步率之外的其他效率收敛，而农业产业结构和人均GDP则阻碍了农业全要素生产率的收敛。

Based on the provincial panel data of China’s agriculture from 2003 to 2019, the changes of agricultural TFP from 2005/2004 to 2018/2017 has been examined by using the non-parametric HMB productivity index and the major driving forces and regional differences have been analyzed. The convergence of ATFP has been tested by using classical convergent regression model and the influencing factors of conditional convergence have been revealed. The study shows that scale efficiency is the main driving force of ATFP, technical efficiency contributes little to ATFP, and agricultural technological progress rate and mixing efficiency are the weak points of ATFP. There are obvious regional differences in ATFP. The marketization index and population urbanization are conducive to the convergence of ATFP and effective irrigation is beneficial to the convergence of other efficiency except the technological progress rate, while the agricultural industrial structure and per capita GDP hinder the convergence of ATFP.

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