城乡统筹医保通过两条路径影响农村老年人消费：一是通过提高其预期健康，弱化其预防性储蓄动机，从而促进农村老年人消费；二是通过减轻其医疗负担，增加其相对收入，从而促进农村老年人消费。基于中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）2015年和2018年的面板数据，使用PSM-DID方法构造反事实因果识别框架，考察了城乡统筹医保对农村老年人消费的影响。结果表明：城乡统筹医保显著提高了农村老年人的家庭人均日常消费与家庭人均年消费；城乡统筹医保能同时提升农村老年人的初级消费与高级消费，但对高级消费的提升作用更大；城乡统筹医保对收入较高、健康状况较差的农村老年人的影响效应较大。

Urban-Rural Integrated Medical Insurance System influences consumption of the rural elderly through two ways: on the one hand, it improves their expected health and weakens their precautionary saving motivation; on the other hand, it reduces their medical burden and increases their relative income. Based on the panel data of CHARLS2015 and CHARLS 2018 and the counterfactual causal identification framework constructed through PSM-DID method, the influence of urban-rural integrated medical insurance system on consumption of the rural elderly has been investigated. The results show that urban-rural integrated medical insurance system significantly improves per capita daily household consumption and per capita annual household consumption of the rural elderly; it promotes their primary consumption as well as advanced consumption, but it has a greater effect on the advanced consumption; its has a greater effect on the rural elderly with high income and poor health.