采用第三次全国农业普查行政村普查10%抽样55125个村庄的样本数据，依据全国及地方层面的村庄规划要求，使用因子分析和多维指标K-means聚类分析方法，将我国村庄划分为四大类，分别考察了各类村庄的数量结构和基本特征。研究发现：集聚提升类村庄数量最多，占比在35%~45%，城郊融合类村庄和特色保护类村庄占比在20%~30%，搬迁撤并类村庄占比在15%左右；分地区异质性分析结果显示，我国东部、中部、西部和东北四大地区各类村庄的数量结构存在显著差异；增加村庄类别数量后发现，村庄类别数量越大，越有利于突出村庄特色。

According to the requirements of village planning at the national and local levels, 55125 villages sampled from the third national agricultural census (accounting for 10% of all villages) have been divided into four categories and their quantitative structures and basic characteristics have been explored by using factor analysis and multi-dimensional index K-means cluster analysis. The research finds that the cluster and boosting villages are the most numerous, accounting for 35%~45%; urban-and-suburban-integrated villages and villages with special natural, historic and cultural resources account for 20%~30%; relocated and merged villages account for about 15%. The analysis of regional heterogeneity shows that there are significant differences in the number and structure of various villages in the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions of China. The exploration of increasing the number of village categories shows that the larger the number of village categories, the more conducive to highlight the village characteristics.

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国家自然科学基金面上项目（72173006）；农业农村部管理干部学院院级课题（R202205）