提升乡镇青年公务员的履责能力是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的题中应有之义。基于乡镇青年公务员角色特征，提出“多重期望回应”分析框架，并结合田野调查结果，从角色、期望、责任三个维度探究乡镇青年公务员履责困境的具体表现与生成逻辑。结果显示：乡镇青年公务员面临从被动履责到主动担责的角色转换问题，多重角色身份引发期望叠加并造成期望过载问题，以及能力有限与责任超限博弈最终导致履责艰难问题。履责困境的生成逻辑在于乡镇环境使乡镇青年公务员的期望回应成为必然选择，而乡镇青年公务员的有限注意力进一步限制了其履责能力。

Improving the ability of young civil servants in towns and villages to fulfill their duties is an essential part of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Based on the role characteristics of young civil servants in towns and villages, this paper puts forward the analysis framework of “multiple-expectation response”, and combines the results of field investigation to explore the specific performance and generation logic of the responsibility dilemma of young civil servants in towns and villages from the three dimensions of role, expectation and responsibility. The results show that the young civil servants in towns and villages face the problem of role transformation from passive to active responsibility, multiple role identities lead to expectation superposition and expectation overload, and the game between limited ability and excessive responsibility eventually leads to the difficult problem of responsibility. The logic of the responsibility dilemma lies in the fact that the township environment makes the expected response of the young township civil servants an inevitable choice, and the limited attention of the young township civil servants further restricts their ability to perform their responsibilities.

D630

国家社会科学基金重点项目（22AZD023）；东北师范大学校内青年基金项目（2109106）