通过农地“三权分置”改革促进乡村治理有效，是实现乡村振兴的重要抓手。以湖南鹊村土地合作经营模式为例，探讨农地“三权分置”改革重构乡村治理的实践过程及其内在机理。农地“两权分离”的制度安排造成村治主体能力不足、村庄治理资源匮乏和治理规则失效等乡村治理困境。农地“三权分置”改革是对乡村治理困境的积极回应，其促进了村治主体能力提升、治理资源集聚和治理规则重塑，从而实现了乡村治理有效。研究发现，乡村治理重构的关键是再造集体治理能力，这涉及资源配置能力和组织动员能力两个方面。“三权分置”改革通过产权结构调整提升集体的资源配置能力，通过激活村庄利益关联和政治关联强化集体的组织动员能力，实现了集体治理能力再造。

Promoting effective rural governance through the reform of “three rights separation” of agricultural land is an important starting point to realize rural revitalization. Taking the co-operative land management model of Que village in Hunan province as an example, the paper discusses the practical process and internal mechanism of the reform and reconstruction of rural governance in the “three rights separation” of agricultural land. The institutional arrangement of “separation of two rights” of agricultural land causes the dilemma of village governance such as insufficient capacity of the main body of village governance, lack of village governance resources and invalidity of governance rules. The reform of the “separation of three rights” of rural land is a positive response to the dilemma of rural governance, which promotes the improvement of the main ability of village governance, the accumulation of governance resources and the reshaping of governance rules, so as to achieve effective rural governance. It is found that the key to rural governance reconstruction is to rebuild collective governance ability, which involves two aspects: resource allocation ability and organizational mobilization ability. The reform of “three rights separation” improves the collective resource allocation ability through the adjustment of property rights structure, strengthens the collective organization and mobilization ability by activating the village interest correlation and political correlation, and realizes the reconstruction of collective governance ability.

F323.9

国家社会科学基金重大项目（22&ZD173）