基于2018年中国劳动力动态调查数据实证分析村两委“一肩挑”对农民收入的影响和作用机制。结果表明：实行村两委“一肩挑”能够提高农民收入；异质性分析发现，村两委“一肩挑”对农民收入的正向影响在村主任受教育程度较高、宗族网络势力较弱、村庄规模较大时更加显著；机制检验显示，村两委“一肩挑”通过增加农村公共服务供给和促进村级集体经济发展进而提高农民收入；进一步分析表明，村两委“一肩挑”能够增加农民非农收入比重，减轻农村收入不平等。

Using the data from the China Labor-force Dynamic Survey in 2018, this paper empirically analyzes the effect and mechanism of “One Shoulder Pole” on the income of rural residents. The study found that the implementation of “One Shoulder Pole” can improve the income of rural residents. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of “One Shoulder Pole” on the income of rural residents is more significant when the education of village cadres is high, the power of the clan is weak, and the scale of the village is large. The mechanism analysis shows that the implementation of the “One Shoulder Pole” increases the income of rural residents by increasing rural public service output and promoting rural collective economy development. Further analysis shows that the “One Shoulder Pole” can increase the proportion of non-agricultural income of rural residents and reduce the inequality of income in rural areas.

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国家社会科学基金（18BSH045）