统筹生态文明建设与农业农村高质量协调发展对实现中国式现代化意义重大。利用2012—2021年中国县级面板数据，通过渐进DID分析生态环境保护督察作为准自然实验与农业绿色技术创新的因果关系。研究发现：生态环保督察通过资源调控、纵横联动、监督威慑、约谈问责等多元化的行为，形成要素集聚、组织变革、文化重构及服务整合等多种效应显著促进了农业绿色技术创新；县域政府竞争对这一关系通过“创新补偿效应”和“遵循成本效应”起到先增后减的倒U形非线性调节作用；异质性分析发现，环保督察政策对农业绿色技术创新的影响会因地理区位、粮食生产区域属性以及电子商务示范县资格的不同呈现出差异化特征。因此，在实施严格的生态环境保护督察的同时，应充分考虑县域政府竞争强度和县域差异，有效推动农业绿色高质量发展。

Coordinating the construction of ecological civilization with the high-quality coordinated development of agriculture and rural areas is of great significance for achieving Chinese-style modernization. Using county-level panel data in China from 2012 to 2021, the causal relationship between ecological environmental protection inspection as a quasi-natural experiment and agricultural green technology innovation is analyzed through progressive DID. The study finds that the eco-environmental protection inspection significantly promote agricultural green technological innovation through diversified behaviors such as resource regulation, vertical and horizontal linkage, supervision and deterrence, and interviews and accountability, and other effects such as factor agglomeration, organizational change, cultural restructuring, and service integration; and that county government competition contributes to this relationship through the “innovation compensation effect” and the “compliance cost effect”. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the impact of environmental protection inspection policy on agricultural green technology innovation is differentiated by geographic location, regional attributes of food production and the qualification of e-commerce demonstration counties. Therefore, while implementing strict ecological environmental protection inspections, the intensity of county government competition and county differences should be fully considered to effectively promote the green and high-quality development of agriculture.

D63；X321；F124.3

辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目（L21BJY 043）；辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目（JYTMS20231681）