全面推行村级组织负责人“一肩挑”的乡村治理模式在国家政策层面已经达成共识，然而“一肩挑”如何影响农村基层治理效能仍然是一个长期存在争议的理论和实证问题。基于行政村层面的微观数据，考察了“一肩挑”对农村公共服务供给的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，村级组织负责人“一肩挑”显著提高农村公共服务供给水平。从作用机制来看，“一肩挑”的协调功能有助于提高村庄资源配置效率，促进村庄集体经济发展，进而提高村集体的农村公共服务供给能力；“一肩挑”的控制功能通过重构乡村治理组织权责，推动农村公共事务管理效率提升，进而提高农村公共服务供给效率。此外，在城市郊区、人口规模较大或村干部主体素质较高的行政村，“一肩挑”的农村公共服务供给效应更加明显。据此提出完善“一肩挑”制度设计、优化“一肩挑”推行策略、健全“一肩挑”监督机制的建议。

The “One Shoulder Pole” of village organization leaders has reached a consensus at the national policy level. However, how “One Shoulder Pole” affects the effectiveness of rural grassroots governance has been a controversial theoretical and empirical issue for a long time. Based on the micro-data at the administrative village level, this paper tests the impact of “One Shoulder Pole” and its mechanism. The results indicate that “One Shoulder Pole” of village organization leaders can improve the supply of rural public services. Through the triple supervision and restraint mechanism, the coordination function of “One shoulder Pole” helps to improve the efficiency of village resource allocation, promote the development of village collective economy, and thereby enhance the supply capacity of village collectives for rural public services; the control function of “One Shoulder Pole” reconstructs the rights and responsibilities of rural governance organizations, promotes the efficiency of rural public affairs management, and thereby improves the efficiency of rural public service supply. Furthermore, the positive impact of village party secretaries serving concurrently as village directors on the supply of rural public services is more obvious for administrative villages which are close to cities, have large population and high quality of village cadres. Finally, this paper proposes suggestions from three aspects: improving the design of the “One Shoulder Pole”, optimizing the implementation strategy of “One Shoulder Pole”, and improving the supervision mechanism of “One Shoulder Pole”.

D422.6；D262.3

吉林省教育厅科学研究项目（JJKH2023124 7SK）；吉林大学人民政协理论研究中心2022年度专项研究课题(2021zx03016)；国家自然科学基金青年项目（72303077）