新质生产力通过嵌入农业生产、经营和产业三大体系，发挥技术创新、产业融合、资源配置等优势，增强农业整体的韧性和竞争力。本文分别从农业劳动者、劳动对象、劳动资料维度，以及抵抗力、恢复力、创新力维度构建新质生产力和农业韧性的评价指标体系，并基于2011—2022年中国30个省级行政区的面板数据实证检验新质生产力对农业韧性的影响。结果表明：新质生产力能够显著增强农业韧性，这一结论在经过一系列稳健性检验之后仍然成立。机制分析结果表明，新质生产力能够通过促进农村经济发展赋能农业韧性增长；异质性分析结果表明，新质生产力对农业韧性的影响在东部和中部地区显著，农业劳动者、劳动资料对农业韧性有显著的正向影响；进一步的分析结果表明，市场化程度在新质生产力对农业韧性的影响中发挥正向调节作用。

By embedding into three major systems of agricultural production, operation and industry, new quality productive forces enhances the resilience and competitiveness of agriculture as a whole through technological innovation, industrial integration, and resource allocation. An evaluation index system of new quality productive forces and an evaluation index system of agricultural resilience have been constructed from the dimensions of agricultural laborers, subjects of labor and means of labor, and the dimensions of resistance, resilience and innovation respectively. The impact of new quality productive forces on agricultural resilience has been empirically tested based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2011—2022. The results show that new quality productive forces significantly enhances agricultural resilience, and the conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that new quality productive forces could empower agricultural resilience by promoting the development of the rural economy. Heterogeneity analysis suggests that the impact of new quality productive forces on agricultural resilience is significant in the eastern and central regions, and that agricultural labor and means of labor have a significant positive impact on agricultural resilience. Further analysis shows that marketization degree plays a positive role in the impact of new quality productive forces on agricultural resilience.

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国家社会科学基金一般项目（22BJY081）；河南省社会科学规划项目（2024BJJ211）