理解“新质生产力”的关键在于理解“质”。作为思想交汇点的“质”连接标识理论创新特质的“新”与楬橥理论建构基础的“生产力”，创设出“新质生产力”这一科学范畴及其得以铺展的时空轨面。以唯物史观为理论视域，对“质”所蕴含的多重含义进行归纳概括，结合相关重要论述和科技创新情况，总结得出科学理解新质生产力的四重维度：“触碰”世界、观其“质”貌是新质生产力概念提出的存在论前提；认识世界、察其“质”性是新质生产力范畴生成的认识论根基；解释世界、循其“质”理是新质生产力理论建构的价值论根据；改造世界、达其“质”的是新质生产力观点应用的方法论原则。立足面向科学技术突破和制度机制探索的新质生产力理论，有利于以其科学性、创新性、系统性与现实性促使面向新业态、面向新发展、面向新未来的新发展格局加速形成，推动中国式现代化迈向科技创新驱动主导的更深层次、更广领域和更高阶段。

Understanding the concept of “quality” is the key to grasping the term “new quality productive forces”. “quality” represents the intersection of ideas, linking the innovative “new”—symbolizing the novel aspects of theory—with “productive forces”, which lay the foundational basis for theoretical development. This synthesis births the scientific category of “new quality productive forces” and delineates its spatiotemporal development path. From the perspective of historical materialism, the multiple connotations of “quality” can be summarized and categorized. By integrating relevant theoretical discussions with the current state of technological innovation, the concept of “new quality productive forces” can be scientifically understood across four dimensions: Engaging with the world and observing its qualities forms the ontological premise for proposing the concept; understanding the world and identifying its essential qualities establishes the epistemological foundation for the framework; explaining the world and adhering to its qualitative laws provides the axiological basis for theory construction; transforming the world to realize its qualitative potentials embodies the methodological principle for applying the concept. Anchored in a theoretical framework that emphasizes technological breakthroughs and institutional exploration, this approach harnesses the scientific, innovative, systematic, and practical nature of “new quality productive forces” to expedite the emergence of a new development paradigm. This paradigm is oriented toward new industries, new growth patterns, and new futures. Furthermore, it propels China’s path to modernization to deeper levels, broader domains, and higher stages, with technological innovation as the primary driving force.

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国家社会科学基金一般项目（23BKS033）；国家社科基金青年项目（24CKS028）