基于中国30个省域单元2012—2023年面板数据，运用固定效应模型和中介效应模型实证检验绿色金融对农业碳全要素生产率的影响及其农村金融、财政支农和人力资本的中介效应。结果表明，绿色金融能够显著提升农业碳全要素生产率，经过一系列稳健性检验后，结论依然成立。异质性分析结果表明，在非粮食主产区、经济不发达地区、绿色金融改革创新试验区及高农业碳全要素生产率地区，绿色金融能够显著提升农业碳全要素生产率，虽然在非绿色金融改革创新试验区也有提升作用，但效应要弱于试验区。机制分析结果表明，绿色金融可以通过促进农村金融发展、财政支农和人力资本发展三个途径间接提升农业碳全要素生产率。

Based on the panel data of 30 provincial units in China from 2012 to 2023, the impact of green finance on agricultural carbon total factor productivity (ACTFP) and the mediating effects of rural finance, fiscal agricultural support, and human capital was empirically examined by using a fixed-effect model and a mediating effect model. The results show that green finance can significantly improve ACTFP, and the conclusion remains valid after a series of robustness tests. Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that green finance significantly boosts ACTFP in non-major grain-production areas, economically underdeveloped regions, green finance reform and innovation pilot zones, and regions with high ACTFP. Although there is also an enhancing effect in non-pilot zones, the effect is weaker than in the pilot zones. Mechanism analysis reveals that green finance indirectly promotes ACTFP through three pathways: promoting rural financial development, strengthening fiscal agricultural support, and advancing human capital development.

F832; F323

国家社会科学基金重大项目（23ZDA105）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（42371294）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（42301328，72203095）；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（SJCX240373）