基于中国劳动力动态调查（CLDS）数据，从农户视角探究农民专业合作社对农地撂荒的影响效应与机制。结果表明，合作社能显著抑制农地撂荒，但边际影响相对较小。异质性分析发现，合作社能显著抑制水田撂荒，但对旱地的影响不显著；以销售为主要功能的合作社能显著抑制农地撂荒，但以生产功能为主的合作社的影响则不显著。机制检验显示，合作社抑制农地撂荒的可能机制在于提高农户种植收益和优化种植结构。不过，没有证据表明合作社能降低种植成本和增加务农人数，这可能是其影响效应较小的原因。

Based on the data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS), the impact of farmers’ specialized cooperatives on farmland abandonment and its mechanism have been explored from the perspective of farm households. The results show that cooperatives can significantly curb farmland abandonment, yet their marginal effect is relatively small. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that cooperatives can significantly reduce the abandonment of paddy fields but have no significant impact on dryland abandonment. Cooperatives focused on sales functions can notably curb farmland abandonment, whereas those centered on production functions show no significant impact. Mechanism tests indicate that the potential pathways through which cooperatives inhibit farmland abandonment include enhancing farmers’ planting income and optimizing planting structure. However, no evidence was found to suggest that cooperatives can reduce planting costs or increase the number of agricultural workers, which may account for their relatively limited impact effect.

F321.42；F321.1

国家自然科学基金青年项目（72203064）；广东省哲学社会科学规划专项（GD25ST08）；广州市哲学社会科学“十四五”规划课题（2025GZQN18）；广东人文社会科学重点实验室特别委托项目（GD24TWCXGC08）