创新农业治理机制，破解农业现代化发展中的效率、公平与韧性兼顾困境成为备受关注的现实议题。构建“统筹整合–利益共生–嵌入式治理”三维分析框架，基于湖南C镇的典型案例，系统剖析了治理共同体助推农业现代化转型的运作机制。研究发现：治理共同体以统筹整合机制，实现土地产权、交易规则与生产服务的整合，提升了要素配置效率，保障了农业现代化进程中的效率；以利益共生机制构建多元主体利益共享格局，推动农业现代化成果共享；以嵌入式治理机制推动社会资本现代化转型，增强了农业系统的适应能力、创新能力和可持续性。C镇实践表明，农业治理现代化的关键在于以小农户为本位，通过正式制度与非正式规则的有机结合，构建组织化的治理机制，实现小农户与现代农业发展的有效衔接。这为中国特色农业现代化道路提供了理论创新与实践路径，有利于破解“大国小农”背景下农业现代化难题，对推进乡村全面振兴具有重要启示意义。

Innovating agricultural governance mechanisms to address the dilemma of balancing efficiency, equity and resilience in the process of agricultural modernization has become a prominent practical concern. Based on a typical case from C Town in Hunan Province, this study constructs a three-dimensional analytical framework of “coordinated integration - symbiotic interests - embedded governance” to systematically examine the operational mechanisms through which governance communities facilitate agricultural modernization. The findings reveal that governance communities through mechanisms of the coordinated integration, consolidate land property rights, transaction rules, and production services, thereby improving the efficiency of factor allocation and alleviating the efficiency dilemma of agricultural modernization. Through mechanisms of symbiotic interest, they establish a multi-actor benefit-sharing structure that mitigates equity tensions in agricultural modernization. Through the embedded governance mechanisms, governance communities promote the modernization of social capital, enhancing the adaptive capacity, innovative potential, and sustainability of agricultural systems. The practice in C Town indicates that the key to modernizing agricultural governance lies in adopting a smallholder-centered approach and building organized governance mechanisms through the organic integration of formal institutions and informal rules, thereby achieving effective linkage between smallholders and modern agriculture. This study offers theoretical innovation and practical pathways for China’s distinctive approach to agricultural modernization, contributes to addressing the challenges of agricultural transformation in the context of “a large country with smallholders,” and provides important insights for advancing comprehensive rural revitalization.

D422.6；C912.82

国家社会科学基金青年项目（25CDJ069）