中药材产业高质量发展已成为衔接中医药传承创新与乡村产业振兴的重要纽带。本文构建了六个维度的综合评价指标体系，采用层次分析法-熵权法组合赋权确定指标权重，对湖南省2019—2024年数据进行测度，并运用Dagum基尼系数分解区域差异。结果表明：湖南省中药材产业高质量发展已从“规模扩张”转入“结构优化”的关键期，增长动力呈现“社会与生态效益驱动强、市场与制度支撑弱”的显著反差，空间格局呈现出“市域梯度固化”与“区域内部效益分化”的双重特征。推动产业行稳致远的关键在于将社会生态优势转化为产业可持续的内生市场竞争力与风险抵御能力，政策重心必须指向全产业链的提质与制度环境的优化，区域协同机制的建设必须从基础设施联通向价值链利益共享深化。

The high-quality development of the Chinese herbal medicine industry has become an important bridge connecting the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine with the revitalization of rural industries. The data of Hunan Province from 2019 to 2024 have been measured using a comprehensive evaluation index system consisting of six dimensions, with indicator weights determined by a combined weighting method of Analytic Hierarchy Process and entropy weight method. Meanwhile, regional disparities have been decomposed via the Dagum Gini coefficient. The results show that the high-quality development of the Chinese herbal medicine industry in Hunan Province has entered a critical transition period from “scale expansion” to “structural optimization.” The growth momentum exhibits a significant contrast of “strong driving force from social and ecological benefits, but weak support from market and system.” The spatial pattern exhibits the dual characteristics of “solidification of urban gradient” and “differentiation of internal regional benefits.” The key to promoting the stable and long-term development of the industry lies in transforming social and ecological advantages into sustainable endogenous market competitiveness and risk resistance capacity of the industry. The policy focus must be directed at improving the quality of the entire industrial chain and optimizing the institutional environment. Furthermore, the construction of regional coordination mechanisms must evolve from the connection of infrastructure to the benefit sharing of the value chain.

F326.12；F323.8

湖南省健康中国战略实施研究基地项目