政策组合强度设计作为引导公众认知、塑造参与现实基础的重要策略，对公众参与水平具有重要影响。本文基于政策反馈理论，运用双向固定效应模型，以中国大气污染防治政策组合为研究样本，利用2011—2024年31个省级行政区的面板数据实证检验了政策组合强度与公众参与之间的关系，并探究了地方政府注意力在其中发挥的调节作用。研究结果表明：政策组合强度对公众参与产生先促进后抑制的倒U形影响，适度的政策组合强度可通过资源效应、解释效应最大限度促进公众参与；政府注意力配置发挥关键负向调节作用，高水平地方政府注意力会加剧公众对高强度政策组合的敏感性；异质性结果表明，在东部地区及地方自主性水平较高的地区，二者的倒U形关系更为显著。基于此，政府应坚持政策组合强度设计的适度原则，优化政府注意力的配置策略，并因地制宜调整政策组合强度，以持续提升公众参与水平。

The design of policy mix intensity, as a crucial strategy for guiding public perception and shaping the realistic foundation for participation, exerts significant impacts on the level of public participation. Drawing on policy feedback theory, this study examines China's air pollution control policies using panel data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions during 2011—2024. A two-way fixed effects model is employed to empirically analyze the relationship between policy mix intensity and public participation, while also investigating the moderating role of local government attention. The results reveal that: Policy mix intensity has an inverted U-shaped effect on public participation. A moderate policy mix intensity facilitates public participation most effectively through resource effects and interpretive effects; local government attention plays a crucial negative moderating role in the relationship between policy mix intensity and public participation. High levels of local government attention can exacerbate public sensitivity to a high-intensity policy mix; heterogeneous results demonstrate that this inverted U-shaped pattern is more pronounced in eastern regions and in areas with greater local autonomy. Accordingly, governments should adopt the principle of moderate policy mix intensity, optimize attention allocation strategies, and tailor the intensity of the policy mix to local conditions to continuously enhance public participation.

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国家社会科学基金一般项目（21BZZ062）